The Egli building Architectural and Historical Context:
The Egli building complex, situated in Eleftherias Square, is a notable Italian architectural gem that reflects the post-earthquake reconstruction era on the island of Kos. Constructed in the wake of the devastating earthquake of April 1933, the building represents a significant period of rebuilding and modernization. Designed by the Italian architect A. Bernabiti, the construction of the Egli complex commenced in January 1934 and was completed in April 1935.
Architectural Style:
The Egli building is a prime example of the International Style, which was popular during the early 20th century. This architectural approach is characterized by its emphasis on functional design and its rejection of historical styles. The building’s clean lines, functional layout, and minimal ornamentation are hallmark features of this style, which was intended to convey a sense of modernity and efficiency.
Original Functions:
- Casa del Fascio: During the Italian administration, the Egli complex served multiple purposes. One of its primary functions was to house the Casa del Fascio, the headquarters of the Italian fascist party. This space was used for party meetings and administrative activities, reflecting the political climate of the time.
- Dopalavoro Center: The building also included the Dopalavoro, an after-work center that functioned as a social and recreational club for workers. This facility was designed to offer a space for leisure and community activities, promoting social cohesion among the workforce.
- Orfeas Cinema: At the heart of the complex was the Orfeas cinema, a venue for film screenings and mass gatherings. The cinema was closely integrated with the party organization’s activities, serving as a cultural hub for the community and a place for public entertainment.
Current Use and Cultural Significance:
Today, the Egli building is a key municipal property, with several of its original functions evolving to serve contemporary needs:
- Municipal Library: The building now houses the municipal library, providing a space for residents and visitors to access a wide range of literary and informational resources.
- Special History Folklore Archives of Kos Town: The Special History Folklore Archives is also located within the Egli complex, preserving the rich cultural heritage and historical records of Kos Town.
- Orfeas Cinema and Egli Café: While the cinema and the café have retained their original names—Orfeas for the movie theatre and Egli for the café—these spaces continue to operate, offering entertainment and dining options to the public.
Architectural Heritage and Preservation:
The Egli building stands as a testament to the architectural and historical transformation of Kos during the early 20th century. Its preservation and continued use as a cultural and municipal center highlight its importance in the island’s history. The blend of historical functions with modern uses ensures that the building remains a vibrant part of the community while honoring its rich past.
Conclusion:
The Egli building complex in Eleftherias Square is a significant historical landmark that encapsulates the architectural and cultural shifts of its era. From its origins as a multifunctional center during the Italian administration to its current role as a hub for municipal and cultural activities, the Egli building continues to play a vital role in the life of Kos Town. Its unique blend of history, architecture, and modern function makes it an essential destination for those interested in the island’s heritage.
